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Messianic Judaism: A Rabbi's Journey Through Religious Change in America, by Carol Harris-Shapiro
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When first published, MESSIANIC JUDAISM stirred controversy throughout the country. The first book to critically examine the role of Messianic Jews in American religious life, it traces the history of this faith that that accepts Jesus as the savior from its late nineteenth-century origin in evangelical Christian missions. Reconstructionist Rabbi Carol Harris-Shapiro bases this portrait on her conversations with members of a large Messianic Jewish community. MESSIANIC JUDAISM adds significant new insights into the nature and varieties of religious experience in United States.
- Sales Rank: #697453 in Books
- Brand: Brand: Beacon Press
- Published on: 1999-07-01
- Original language: English
- Number of items: 1
- Dimensions: .0" h x .0" w x .0" l,
- Binding: Hardcover
- 256 pages
- Used Book in Good Condition
From Library Journal
In this ethnography, Harris-Shapiro (Temple Univ.) describes her research into Messianic JudaismAsomething she shows that both Protestantism and Judaism view as taboo. Messianic Judaism wants Jews to complete their faith by accepting Yeshua (Jesus) and for Christianity to return to its Jewish roots. The movement works for people who want to practice both Judaism and ChristianityAsay, intermarried couplesAbut leaves little room for Gentiles. Though the responses to Harris-Shapiro's questions sometimes lack substance, her cogent and lucid writing allows her to present an unbiased academic study of a community's theology. The main value of this book, though, is its explanation of why and how both Christianity and Judaism reject Messianic Judaism. Recommended for academic and larger public libraries where collections support programs in religion, Judaica, or Christian traditions.ANaomi Hafter, Broward Cty. Lib., Fort Lauderdale, FL
Copyright 1999 Reed Business Information, Inc.
Review
This book should be read by everyone who has ever asked the question 'Who is a Jew?' --Rebecca Alpert, author of Like Bread on a Seder Plate
"A provocative and thoroughly engaging exploration of Judaism's boundaries. . . . An important book for all those concerned about Judaism's future." --Naomi Mara Hyman, Moment
"Harris-Shapiro uses an effective blend of scholarship, interviews, and personal insights to explain a concept that is often at odds with traditional Judaism and occasionally with Evangelical Christianity, with which it shares both ideology and resources. This compelling and evenhanded volume should attract readers from both Jewish and Christian communities." --Ilene Cooper, Booklist
"A balanced historical account of the movement's history and development." --Publishers Weekly
"[Harris-Shapiro's] cogent and lucid writing allows her to present an unbiased . . . study of a community's theology." --Library Journal
"Ground-breaking [and] enlightening." --Arnold Ages, Jewish Tribune
About the Author
Carol Harris-Shapiro is a rabbi and assistant professor in the department of religion at Temple University. She lives in Elkins Park, Pennsylvania.
Most helpful customer reviews
2 of 2 people found the following review helpful.
A DETAILED (IF CONTROVERSIAL) PRESENTATION OF THE "MESSIANIC" MOVEMENT
By Steven H Propp
Carol Harris-Shapiro is a rabbi in the Reconstructionist movement, as well as a lecturer in the Intellectual Heritage Department at Temple University. This book (published in 1999) is a detailed study (including interviews with members of a "messianic" congregation) of the beliefs, history, and practices of "Messianic" Jews. However, she is very conscious of the larger issues concerning this subject: "(T)he topic of Messianic Judaism is inescapably meshed in an ongoing power struggle to establish the character and future of the Jewish community ... In this place, there is no neutral ground."
Harris-Shapiro points out that Messianic Jews (MJs) deny that they are a "blend" of Judaism and Christianity, yet also acknowledges the tension between the two faiths: "Both the evangelical ideal and the Jewish real uneasily coexist," and "Messianic Jews are even more afraid of disappearing into the culturally Gentile evangelical subculture." She also acknowledges the deep-rooted suspicion in the Jewish community about MJs, since "there developed within the mainstream Jewish community a suspicion that these people were deliberately infiltrating mainstream Jewish organizations for the purposes of conversion."
Harris-Shapiro also presents common objections to Messianic Judaism, such as, "Why don't we see rabbis being saved?" The difficult and painful issue of the victims of the Holocaust was also posed to her interviewees, and "The response that 'maybe they were saved in the end' was repeated to me by others in the Messianic movement. In only one interview was a person willing to de-sanctify Holocaust victims, and be willing to admit that they were damned."
MJs believe that "Israel and the Jews are also the key to the end time," and that "Messianic believers need a strong, healthy Israel to sustain their identity." Ironically, however, while "the very existence of Messianic Judaism is predicated on an ongoing loyalty to the Jewish people," she comments that "Messianic Gentiles are also among the most enthusiastic proponents of 'Jewish behavior.'" (In fact, many or most members of "messianic" congregations are Gentiles, not Jews.)
Harris-Shapiro actually supports the notion that MJs are "Jewish." For example, "If DOING Jewish is BEING Jewish, ironically, Messianic Jews are more Jewish than many born Jews." She further argues that "Celebrating Jewish holidays, and NOT celebrating Christian ones, confirms members' Jewish identity." This contention is quite controversial, of course, and is rejected by the large majority of Jews.
Under Halakah (Jewish law), a person born to a Jewish mother is Jewish---UNLESS the person converts to another religion. It is most unlikely that the mainstream Jewish community will ever accept "Messianic Jews" into the "fold"; nevertheless, MJs are a vibrant and growing part of the religious landscape, and this study by Harris-Shapiro is essential reading for anyone interested in Messianic Judaism, or Jewish identity.
1 of 3 people found the following review helpful.
Interesting look at an "Apostate" gruop
By A Customer
This is a well reseached book written by a Reconstructist Rabbi examining a messianic jewish group. I learned a lot about this movement, including the racial boundaries set up by messianic temples (gentile vs. "originally" jewish), and of course, their evangelical roots. The Rabbi although clearly rejecting the group, makes good arguments at the end as to why this group should be accepted as "jewish" and a part of the Jewish Community. I don't know myself. While I am facinated at the possible blending of Christianity and Judaism, as a Jewish convert raised Epsicopal, I found the blending too odd - even ridiculous. Judaism doesn't need Christianity for it to be meaningful, holy or complete. Judaism is too self-examining to really fit in with Evangelical Christianity. Judaism is about Jews; Christianity is about Jesus, who also happens to be a Jew. That's a BIG difference! All today's Jewish rituals, they were not practiced the same way in Jesus' time (remember all those sacrifices in the Temple...). Today's Judaism is not Jesus' Judaism, which he rebelled against, not by a long shot.
Of couse I am just a Christian Apostate (the worst kind according to NT!) so what do I know? As things are though, perhaps in another 100 years, various forms of Jewish-Christianity will be the Jewish community core and the other strictly Jewish sects the splinter groups (orthodox, conservative)? This is an important researched document that should be read by all Jews and Christians. Messianic jews aren't the "boogey man". Though prosetlyzing is quite annoying to say the least, messianic jews should have a role in our continuing Judeo-Christian dialogue and the jewish community should hopefully one day accept their "jewishness", even if as their ugly stepchild.
5 of 5 people found the following review helpful.
BY FAR the best book on Messianic Judaism
By Joseph T. Reinckens II
(Updated June 2013) I am a Messianic Gentile who since 1999 has attended Baruch HaShem in Dallas, Texas, the largest free-standing Messianic synagogue in the world, where the "Who's Who" of Messianic Judaism come to teach and preach. I have studied a number of religions extensively including Protestantism from an evangelical perspective and Judaism and on a weekly basis I have also attended both a Protestant mega-church since 1995 and Temple Emanu-El, the largest synagogue in the South and third-largest Reform synagogue in the world, since 2003, and between the three I have taken about 30 college-level religion courses and also attended a number of seminars.
This book does present a somewhat distorted view of Messianic Judaism in that Dr. Harris-Shapiro sometimes gives the impression that certain activities or views have cult-like overtones when similar activities occur in any medium or large organization. For instance, she gives an example of a woman who spoke with her privately about some disagreements the woman had with the congregation's leadership and the woman seemed concerned that she might be viewed as a "troublemaker". But the same thing occurs in mainstream churches and synagogues too, as well as businesses, school districts and other such organizations.
However, the two main reasons for such occasional distortions are (1) understanding the dynamics in depth requires *years* of active involvement with an organization or (2) the particular congregation she is writing about, Martin Chernoff's Beth Messiah, is considered the very first Messianic congregation and Messianic Judaism was in a *much* more formative stage at the time.
Also, to a much lesser extent, Dr. Harris-Shapiro occasionally presents a single individual's theological views despite the fact that they are totally at odds with Messianic Judaism. It would be like someone reading a book about evangelical Protestantism and the author says, "I interviewed Fred, a member of the congregation, and Fred told me that he believes Mohammed was a prophet." Fred might believe that, but it doesn't represent the views or practices of Protestantism and so it could give the reader a distorted view of what Protestants believe.
The foregoing is not meant as a harsh criticism and the distortion is not substantial, only "somewhat" distorted now and then. Considering that she is neither Messianic nor Christian, she does an absolutely astounding job of accurately portraying the main theological teachings and beliefs and practices--far better than many Christian clergy could. In most instances where her portrayal is not accurate it is because she is describing a particular congregation whose teachings, rituals, etc., at the time are different than where Messianic Judaism has gone now that there are leaders with seminary degrees, leaders who didn't *start* the congregation and were able to be *mentored* by *Messianic* leaders, leaders *raised* Messianic, leaders with degrees from *Messianic* programs, etc.
As is routine among Jewish clergy who are not Messianic, Dr. Harris-Shapiro sees the relationship between Evangelical Protestantism and Messianic Judaism as being a bit closer that it actually is. Non-messianic Jewish clergy routinely view Messianic Judaism as merely a facade for Protestantism and misinterpret support as covert control. However, even in this, her distortion is far less than is common. Also, in the early years of Messianic Judaism many congregations *did* start out as "Jewish outreach" programs sponsored by or "affiliated with" a Protestant church. But things have changed and over the past decade most new Messianic congregations have begun as split-offs (sometimes friendly, sometimes not) from other Messianic congregations or have been "daughter" congregations started by an existing Messianic congregation--for instance, the Cabo San Lucas, Mexico congregation started by the Dallas congregation I attend, which streams its services live in English with simultaneous Spanish translation.
In the forward to the paperback edition she mentions that she did see changes since her original study. Messianic Judaism has changed *radically* since the period she describes. Many congregations have adopted *large* parts of the traditional Jewish liturgy. Nowadays, except for some of the specific praise music in the beginning of the service and the hour-long sermons that are common, services at a Messianic congregation often look *very* much like services at Reform congregations, which since about 2007 have reintroduced the traditional synagogue liturgy except that prayers and songs are sometimes in Hebrew and sometimes in English and musical instruments are used. The shift toward the traditional liturgy is definitely intentional on the part of worldwide Messianic leadership.
Also, since around 2005 quite a few Messianic seminaries and Bible colleges have started up, primarily in the U.S., Ukraine, Russia, Argentina and Brazil. Many of the larger American non-denominational Protestant seminaries and Bible colleges now offer at least one major in Jewish Ministry and a significant number have one or several Messianics on their faculty, which also dovetails with the Hebrew Roots movement that has been spreading in Christian seminaries for a number of years.
I CANNOT RECOMMEND THIS BOOK HIGHLY ENOUGH. This is INDISPENSABLE for anyone who really wants an understanding of Messianic Judaism, its history, its relationship to Christianity and Judaism, and its theology and practices.
A RELATED BOOK I ALSO HIGHLY RECOMMEND is "Born a Jew ... Die a Jew: The story of Martin Chernoff, A Pioneer in Messianic Judaism" by Yohanna Chernoff, which presents an insider's view of the birth and early years of the congregation Dr. Harris-Shapiro writes about.
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